Chapter 46
=Little Belt.= =Bk= British corvette, fired on by United States frigate _President_, 173.
=Littlehales, Edward B.= =S= Accompanies Simcoe as major of brigade, 47; clerk of Council, 79; aide-de-camp to governor, 177; describes the site of the present city of London, 200, 201.
=Livingstone.= =Dr= Of Montreal, his disaffection, 79; commands rebel Canadians at Quebec, 132.
=Livingstone, Philip= (1716-1778). =Dr= President of Continental (American) Congress, 201. =Bib.=: _Cyc. Am. Biog._
=Livius, Peter= (1727?-1795). Resided at Portsmouth, New Hamps.h.i.+re. A member of the Council under the royal government; quarrelled with the governor and went to England to lay his complaints before the crown.
Complaints dismissed, but appointed chief-justice of New Hamps.h.i.+re. At once transferred to Quebec as chief-justice; held office from 1777 to 1786; retired and went to England, where he died. =Index=: =Dr= Appointed chief-justice, 184; his character and abilities, 185; disagrees with Carleton, 188; carries dispute to Privy Council, 188.
=Bib.=: Morgan, _Cel. Can._
=Logan, Sir William Edmond= (1798-1875). Born at Montreal, of United Empire Loyalist descent. Educated at the University of Edinburgh. After some years spent in business in England, and incidentally in studying the geological formation of the coal-fields of Wales, returned to Canada, and in 1842 appointed the first director of the Geological Survey. In 1863 issued an elaborate summary of the work accomplished by the Survey up to that time. Retired in 1870. =Bib.=: _Geology of Canada_. For biog., _see_ Morgan, _Cel. Can._; Harrington, _Life of Sir William E. Logan_.
=London.= City of Ontario; founded by Peter McGregor, in 1826. =Index=: =S= Site of present city, selected by Simcoe as best place for capital of Upper Canada, 200, 205.
=London Conference.= _See_ Westminster Conference.
=Long Point.= Lake Erie, north sh.o.r.e. =Index=: =S= Chosen by Simcoe as a.r.s.enal for Lake Erie, 204.
=Longueuil, Charles Colmer Grant, Baron de.= =Sy= Owner of "Alwington,"
294.
=Longueuil, Charles Le Moyne, Sieur de= (1625?-1685). Son of an innkeeper of Dieppe. Came to Canada in 1641. In 1657 granted the seigniory of Longueuil. In De Tracy's expedition against the Iroquois, in 1666, commanded the Montreal militia, and was with Frontenac at Cataraqui in 1673. La Barre sent him to the Iroquois, 1682, to persuade them to meet him in council at Montreal. When, two years later, La Barre led an abortive expedition against the Iroquois, he was again compelled to depend upon Le Moyne's influence with the Iroquois to patch up a peace. =Index=: =F= Sent to invite Onondagas to a conference, 183, 184.
=Bib.=: Parkman, _Frontenac_.
=Longueuil, Charles Le Moyne, Baron de= (1656-1729). Son of Charles Le Moyne, Sieur de Longueuil (_q.v._) Wounded, in 1687, in the Iroquois raid on Lachine. Governor of Montreal. Administered the colony in 1725, before the arrival of Beauharnois. =Index=: =F= Commands militia in attack on Iroquois, 1687, 209. =E= Barony conferred on, in 1700, 181.
=Longueuil, Charles Le Moyne, Baron de= (1687-1755). Son of preceding.
Administered the colony in 1752, after the departure of La Jonquiere.
=Index=: =Dr= In command of militia, in 1777, 187.
=Loquin.= =Ch= Company's clerk at Quebec, 139.
=Longworth, John= (1814-1885). Born at Charlottetown. Called to the bar of Prince Edward Island, 1838. Elected to the a.s.sembly, 1846. Occupied offices in several successive administrations. Drafted the "No Terms Resolution" of the a.s.sembly in connection with Confederation. Appointed prothonotary of the Supreme Court of Prince Edward Island, 1883. =Bib.=: Campbell, _History of Prince Edward Island_.
=Loranger, Thomas Jean Jacques= (1823-1885). Born in Ste Anne d'Yamachiche, Quebec. Educated at Nicolet College; called to the bar, 1844. Sat in the a.s.sembly, 1854-1863; held office in the Macdonald-Cartier ministry, 1857-1858. Appointed a judge
=Bib.=: Dent, _Last Forty Years_.
=Lorette.= =L= Settlement of Christian Indians at, 74. =WM= British abandon their position at, 249.
=Lorimer, Dr.= =Hd= Consulted by Haldimand as to sanitary measures, 66, 70.
=Lorin, Henri.= =F= Author of _Le Comte de Frontenac_, referred to, 109, 126, 128, 142, 165, 174, 216, 231, 250.
=Lormel, Captain de.= =Ch= Brings out settlers, 252.
=Lorne.= _See_ Argyll.
=Lotbiniere.= _See_ Joly de Lotbiniere; Chartier de Lotbiniere.
=Louche, de.= =WM= Takes direction of fires.h.i.+ps, 98.
=Loudon, James= (1841-). Born in Toronto. Educated at Upper Canada College and Toronto University, graduating 1862. Appointed to the staff of the university; professor of mathematics, 1875; and president of the university, 1892, succeeding Sir Daniel Wilson. One of the original fellows of the Royal Society of Canada. Retired from presidency of university, 1906. =Index=: =BL= Quoted on Baldwin's University Bill, 293. =Bib.=: Morgan, _Can. Men_; _The University of Toronto and its Colleges, 1827-1906_.
=Loudon, John Campbell, fourth Earl of= (1705-1782). General. =Index=: =WM= Made commander-in-chief of British forces in America, 33. =Hd= Commands Royal Americans, 11; his opinion of Pennsylvanians, 11. =Bib.=: _Dict. Nat. Biog._; Parkman, _Montcalm and Wolfe_; Bradley, _Fight with France_.
=Louis XIII, King of France= (1601-1643). Succeeded his father, Henry IV, in 1610. =Index=: =F= Close relations of Frontenac family with, 62.
=Ch= Demands rest.i.tution of Acadia, 212; plot against, 215. =L= Dedicated France to the Virgin Mary, 87. =Bib.=: Larousse, _Dictionnaire Universel_.
=Louis XIV, King of France= (1638-1715). Succeeded his father, Louis XIII, in 1643. =Index=: =F= His war with Holland, 148; absolutism of his rule 151-153; desires to have permanent curacies (_cures fixes_) established in Canada, 164; private life of, 166; p.r.o.nounces La Salle's discoveries useless, 176; later takes him under his special protection, 180. =L= Recommends creation of bishopric for New France and appointment of Laval thereto, 131; stipulates that archbishop of Rouen shall be metropolitan, 133; yields the point, 134; bestows abbey of Lestrees on new diocese, 136; his decision on liquor question, 174; grants 8000 francs annually to Canadian clergy, 182; later reduces amount, 183; his disagreement with Pope Innocent XI, 201. =Bib.=: Voltaire, _Siecle de Louis XIV_; Saint-Simon, _Memoires_.
[Ill.u.s.tration: Remains of the King's Bastion, Louisbourg]
=Louis XVI, King of France= (1754-1793). Succeeded to the throne in 1774. =Index=: =S= Public mourning ordered in Upper Canada for death of, 193. =Bib.=: Larousse, _Dictionnaire Universel_.
=Louisbourg.= A seaport on the south-east coast of Cape Breton. Formerly the chief stronghold of France in America. The fortress, named after Louis XIV, was begun in 1790; twenty-five years were spent in fortifying it; and the cost was estimated at thirty million livres. Captured by the British under Pepperell and Warren in 1745; ceded back to France by the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle; and again captured by the British under Amherst and Boscawen, in 1758. =Index=: =WM= Guards Gulf of St.
Lawrence, 17; composition of garrison, 30; capture of, 71; expedition against Quebec, sails to, 85. =Ch= Commonly known as Port aux Anglais, 236. _See also_ Cape Breton; Boscawen; Wolfe; Amherst. =Bib.=: Parkman, _Half-Century of Conflict_ and _Montcalm and Wolfe_; _Lettre d'un Habitant_, ed. by Wrong; Archibald, _First Siege of Louisbourg_ (R. S.
C., 1887); Bourinot, _Cape Breton and its Memorials_; Wood, _Logs of the Conquest of Canada_.
=Louisbourg Grenadiers.= =WM= On British right, at Quebec, 189; re-embark after fall of Quebec, 236.
=Louise, Princess.= Daughter of Queen Victoria; born 1848. =Index=: =E= Comes to Canada with her husband, the Marquis of Lorne, 122.
=Louisiana.= =Hd= Secretly transferred to Spain by France, 64; Spanish rule unpopular, 77; revolution in, 79; counter-revolution, 81; contemplated invasion of, 81. =L= Colony sent to, 152. =Bk= Cession of by France to Spain, 38; re-ceded to France, 38; purchased by United States, 42; acquisition of, changes att.i.tude of United States towards Great Britain, 43. =Bib.=: Le Page du Pratz, _Histoire de la Louisiane_.
For further material, _see_ _Lit. Am. Hist._
=Lount, Samuel= (1791-1838). =Mc= Member for Simcoe, 316; election corruption, 317; given command of rebels, 360; arrives at Montgomery's tavern, 362; his account of the flag of truce, 369; his first engagement, 373; his second engagement, 379; leaves country, 380; executed, 435; his fidelity, 435; pet.i.tions for commutation, 435; effect of his execution, 436; monument to, 436. =BL= Hanged for his share in the Rebellion of 1837, 44-45. =Bib.=: Dent, _Upper Canadian Rebellion_; Kingsford, _History of Canada_.
=L'Ouverture, Toussaint.= =Bk= Establishes independent republic in St.
Domingo, 39, 40; death of, 40.
=Louvigny, Louis de la Porte, Sieur de= (1652-1730). Accompanied Denonville on his expedition against the Iroquois, 1687; sent by Frontenac to relieve La Durantaye in 1690; in command at Three Rivers in 1701; two years later commanded an expedition to Detroit; major of Quebec, 1706; sent to Michilimackinac in 1713; four years later at Detroit, and led an expedition against the Fox Indians; at Quebec in 1724 as _lieutenant du roi_. =Index=: =F= Sent with reinforcements to Michilimackinac, 241. =Bib.=: _Cadillac Papers_ (Michigan Hist. _Coll._, vol. 33); Parkman, _Frontenac_.
=Lovett, John.= =Bk= Secretary to General Van Rensselaer, letters of, 263-265, 286.
=Low, Albert Peter= (1861-). Born in Montreal. Educated at McGill University, graduating in 1882 with honours. Appointed to Geological Survey 1881, and promoted to geologist, 1891. Spent many years in exploring the Labrador peninsula, and is the chief authority on its geography and geology. Appointed director of the Survey, and deputy minister of mines, 1907. =Bib.=: Morgan, _Can. Men; Canadian Who's Who_.
=Lowell=. =S= White settler among Grand River Indians, murdered by Isaac Brant, 191.
=Lower Canada=. =Mc= Crisis approaching in, 287; Imperial commissioners'
report, 323; against responsible government, 325; events leading to Rebellion, 327; asks other provinces for support, 329; crisis arrives, August, 1837, 344; arrest of editors, 344; condition of, in 1837, 347; rebellion in, 358. =BL= Population of, at time of conquest, 1; its character, 1; British immigration, 8; racial conflict, 8; political situation after 1815, 9, 16-21; reorganization of its judicial system, 184-185. =Bk= Population of, 45. =Sy= Desire of majority to have the province wholly French, 68; Pitt's expectations regarding, 68; governors of, ally themselves with English-speaking element, 69; rupture between the two races inevitable, 86, 87; Rebellion, 87. =Bib.=: Kingsford, _History of Canada_; Christie, _History of Lower Canada_; Garneau, _History of Canada_; McMullen, _History of Canada_; Bibaud, _Histoire du Canada sous la Domination Anglaise; Political and Historical Account of Lower Canada_, by a Canadian, London, 1830.
=Lowther, Catherine=. =WM= Wolfe's attachment to, 70, 72; Wolfe entrusts her portrait to Captain Jervis, 175. =Bib.=: Doughty, _Siege of Quebec_; Willson, _Life and Letters of James Wolfe_; Wood, _The Fight for Canada_.
=Loyal American Regiment=. =Dr= Commanded by Beverley Robinson, 202. =W= Commanded by Beverley Robinson, 3; Lemuel Wilmot a captain in, 3.
=Loyalist=. Newspaper published at St. John, New Brunswick. =W= Attacks Wilmot and Fisher, 74-75; libel case arising out of, 75.