Chapter 1
Finding a job after graduation was an incredibly difficult task. Those jobs that he could find on the Internet on job search sites required at least 5 years of work experience and work experience. He did not have this. And those who did not require this, there the salary was very small. I would hardly have had enough to travel by public transport and a very modest lunch but what about the payment of the apartment? Utility costs, not to mention the purchase of new technology? Take a loan? With such a salary, they will not give him a loan! Yes, and work for pennies, Dara did not want.
Therefore, after graduating from university, Dara decided to become a farmer. The blessing on the local television every day painted a great experience, become a farmer and earn money. Get a bank loan, under your cottage and... get rich!
A young student at the age of 22 had a lot of energy, enthusiasm, a burning eye and hopes for the future! Having read the business of books how to become an entrepreneur, Dara plunged into a new world of business. He thought he could easily do agribusiness.
Dara had two plots, one in two hectares, he was empty, and next to him, through a small river, the second one - a summer cottage. In the 40 a (0.4 hectars) with a two-storey wooden prefab house. This is left from his grandmother's inheritance.
The land was located near the city, 40 km away. The landscape was foothill, the alt.i.tude above sea level was a little more than 550 meters, a flowing river flowed alongside it.
The dacha plot was equipped with both drinking and technical water for irrigation.
For water, you had to pay the meter with an advance payment of three months in advance.
Before starting to draw up doc.u.ments - Dara should have become familiar with the laws on farm management, on entrepreneurs.h.i.+p, what taxes he will need to pay. This is not a manga, where the farmer is one-two and starts to sell his products without paying any taxes or fees. This is real life.
Dara was a graduate, but not an agrarian university, but a historical one. Something he knew about agriculture, but not at the level of an agronomist or a full-fledged farmer. No, he just helped his Grandmother, while she was alive, to take care of her garden of 40 acres.
On it, he grew potatoes, tomatoes, cuc.u.mbers, pumpkins, watermelons and melons. They handed out a part of the harvest to neighbors and friends, and a part of them were sold on the city market, near the Grandmother's house.
Therefore, Dara, thought that if he took more land, he would be able to get more profit! Youth, thirst for adventure, the realization of their dreams, plans, quickly make money, starting their own business, their business. Activate! Show yourself! Show yourself and people around what it costs!
At the same time, Dara knew the basics of business. As his neighbor, he did not immediately succ.u.mb to advertising on TV and did not run to take loans on the security of a summer cottage, buy seeds and start growing potatoes and tomatoes.
Dara decided to first draw up a business plan, learn more about what he would do, how, how much would it cost him, and how much profit would he get? Will he be able to recapture the loan amount and interest on it for one year at once or not for this you need to count and look at everything.
Payment for registration in order to become a private entrepreneur, payment of all taxes for the year ahead, payment of water, fuel and lubricants, depreciation costs, purchase of a mini tractor, the choice of its type, can be worth taking multifunctional, with attached equipment.
Decide on the choice of horsepower, the country of the manufacturer, the brand, take care of spare parts, find out if the service centers or can repair one or another type of mini-tractor in the car repair shop or mechanization workshop nearest to the dacha. How much does it cost for money?
What time will it take, the processing of a crop with fertilizers, the collection, which containers to use, where to store, how to recycle, how to carry, how much will it cost? Who will buy and at what purchase prices? How much will the examination of the laboratory and medical book cost?
What profit from this he will receive. How much of this will he be able to pay to repay the loan and the accrued interest? Will his profit be greater or less, will he have to pay VAT or not?
Is the game worth the candle or not?
Not forgetting the risk factors in agriculture is a common thing. Will it be too dry a year, or vice versa a wet one? Maybe the seed material is infected or the crop can be beaten by pests, which will affect the reduction or even the harvest will disappear?!
It's not easy. So you need to take insurance for the harvest! It's all waste and now the business plan is ready. From it it turns out that planting products on 2 hectares is not profitable, it does not pay off anything, the farmer can simply easily go into minus.
Yes, that honey is definitely not worth those stings.
It is easier to take a loan of 2 hectares and try to grow special garden crops to give 40 hectares. It will not be so scary for money, and according to his calculations, there is even a small chance of getting a plus.
Having issued all the doc.u.ments Dara became a private entrepreneur. Taking a loan at the Bank at 36 percent per annum as collateral, he left 2 hectares of land.
Meanwhile, his neighbor has already ripened the harvest - he gathered 25 tons of tomatoes and 40 tons of potatoes per hectare. But the purchase price was in the city in the market and the supermarket was not the one that the neighbor was counting on. Not 1.25 dollars for 1 kg, but only 11 cents. Taking into account the collection, storage, transportation, parking fees, etc., it was cheaper to allow the crop to rot on the plot.
The neighbor tried to sell his goods as best he could. He put out boxes near the road and sold them right there. Part of the goods put on the local market. The price he put was 50 cents per 1 kg, but now the annoyance, all his neighbors in the precinct, also planted the same thing and their harvest was also a success. So the price of tomatoes was 12 cents altogether, and they gave 8 cents per 1 kg for potatoes instead of 54 expected by their neighbor. Such prices were in the city in the markets and supermarket shelves.
When he wanted to deliver the goods to supermarkets at a price of 50 cents per 1 kg, they offered him a price of 10 cents. On that neighbor naturally refused and Dara, having come to visit his neighbor, saw the whole picture, in the fields, huge pyramids of towering tomatoes and potatoes. Farmers engaged in decorating.
Here, involuntarily, Dara remembered an old story, which he had read as a child, as an enterprising foreigner, used tomatoes as fertilizer. But this is clearly not the case. The neighbor, having been tortured by these tomatoes, simply gave Darre five boxes of 20 kg each for free.
Buy in the purse mini-plant for the processing of tomatoes and potatoes, none of the neighbors did not dare. Since it is not a fact to buy finished products, someone bought them, but they needed the cost to pay off their debts. Woe to the farmers, nothing else was left but to declare themselves bankrupt...
Sad experience, suggested Dara new idea...
... Namely, create your own small farm on the basis of 40 acres, grow vegetables and berries, especially for restaurateurs and... your store.
The loan taken is clearly not enough to implement the idea, you will have to sell an apartment and live in the country house yourself. Thus, there will be money for the purchase of a used mini tractor for 25 horsepower with attached equipment, an old minibus and the creation of its farm shop.
Thus, Dara would be able to escape the fate of their neighbor. Now he will sell exclusive products for the middle cla.s.s, which care for his health and follows the concept of a Healthy Lifestyle, which includes the consumption of organic food, environmentally friendly. Therefore, the prices of these products are 50 percent higher than usual with the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The latter are just the cause of the emergence of serious diseases. Those who have money can afford to take care of their own health and the health of their loved ones.
Shop, Dara wanted to make two forms - online through the Internet for sale to restaurants and an ordinary shop in the city for traditional buyers.
For this, he needed to register his shops with the tax inspectorate, so that he could deduct taxes. The second item is the search for the location of the store and this is a whole science, the place should be visited, with a convenient traffic interchange, with parking so that the rent is not very high.
Well, all as described by Philip Kotler "In the Fundamentals of Marketing" and to develop a technical task for the site and create it, Dara decided to ask his
The store should be located in the residential sector, far from supermarkets and markets but at the same time, so that the people would live there, who understands the sense of organic food.
Such an area Dara found. He was near the house of his aunt, a professor of history, a doctor of science. Such academic campus was inhabited by employees of research inst.i.tutes, research centers, middle-ranking officials, university professors, police officers and firefighters. This area was built up at the end of the 19th century; servicemen — the military — initially lived there; in the 20th century their children and grandchildren lived, then the police and fire brigade moved there.
From the middle of the 20th century, scientists and teachers began to struggle, due to the fact that several scientific inst.i.tutes, two universities, a couple of scientific laboratories were built near this area. With the growth of the city, this district gained popularity among businessmen and middle-level officials.
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The area in general consisted of multi-storey buildings, which were buried in one and two storey houses of the private sector. In the area there were several small shops, minimarkets.
At the end of the 20th century there was a market and a large grocery store, but in the 21st century they disappeared and parking and new high-rise buildings took their place.
Therefore, the choice of Dara, this area was perfect. Using family ties, he came on Sat.u.r.day morning to visit her aunt. She was glad to see her nephew, Dara had not visited her for a long time but now there was a reason to visit my aunt more often.
Dara gave her good jasmine tea, a couple of large peaches and two kilograms of selected figs. Although Dara himself knew that there was nothing more delicious than "boiling water". On university exchange, a student from Chengdu visited his home a year ago. He told Dara that only boiling water could be more delicious than tea. Indeed, even boiling water is sometimes sweet. It is more beneficial to human health, there are no harmful toxins in it, they do not acc.u.mulate in the body. On the contrary, water washes the vessels. If in the morning you drink one or two gla.s.ses of boiling water from a dream, then the body wakes up faster and the vessels are cleared of slags!
It was he, bro Fang, who told Dara about boiling water and Chinese cooking, which is at least 5 thousand years old and what is the most delicious cuisine, this is their Sichuan. Just bro Fang said that cooking varies according to the zonal principle. Each landscape has its own unique set of dishes. So on the plains and steppes one type of food, in the low mountains another, in the highlands the third, in the desert regions the fourth, in the cities the fifth.
When aunt listened to her nephew, she smiled - whatever the child would like to make it, if only she would not cry, the first experience in business would be useful for him. Even it will not work, it is better to try and get experience than to immediately give up.
She went with him to the quarterly committee of their district. They were met by the head of the committee, along with his deputies, one of whom was for business development. They discussed the business plan for Gifts and decided to help him.
Having issued the doc.u.ments, he was given a place at the intersection, near the quarterly committee, just at the border of multi-storey and private buildings. There, just a year ago, a small cafe was empty. Here it is and allocated Dara, 80 square meters.
Delighted Dara, immediately at the box office of the quarterly committee paid the rent for a year and bought electricity and water right ahead, paid for the garbage collection. The quarter committee were pleased. After all, Dara promised to employ three people, he also created new jobs in the quarter!
Further Dara needed to get permission from the fire, veterinary and sanatorium inspections.
The next step was to think about what product to offer to a potential buyer, not all types of products, Dara could get from her site. So, he will have to enter into contracts for direct supplies from other farmers and for this, Dara must first be taught how to properly produce organic food so that there is no deception. Agree and that time was brought and the products were fresh. Consider storage issues. It is also necessary to solve questions about the certification of quality for manufactured products.
Next, you had to think about how to place the shelves and products in the store. To think over deliveries of batches, at first buy small batches in order to understand which products buyers understand better. The main task is to create a stable client base and then work on marketing to expand it.
At the same time, the store should be comfortable, the product should have strict quality control. Later go to the creation of a sustainable brand.
Dara had to do all this, and this required not only money but also personnel. Professionals in their field...
On the other hand, to start a business, you need to whom you trust and who is it? it's over the family!
Dara called her cousin Heidera and asked if he would agree to work with him?
Cousin was a student at a financial university, master in the second year of study. His master's degree project was just on the Internet - shopping. In the summer, Haider worked as an accountant at a university training center. So he had experience in the work of an accountant. Yes, and the student was on the contract, that is, for the study he had to pay 3000 dollars a year.
So he needed the job and not to be framed for distribution, as is sometimes the case in private firms when they hire young accountants and here all his, and even next to his house.
Mom will be happy! Thank you bro!
Hader was pleased, the new experience will enrich his portfolio and the extra money will never be superfluous. He was the son of Aunt Dara. Feruzeh, who helped him with the opening of the store.
Thus, Dara thanked her. Yes, and Haider was an intelligent guy, he knew the software for electronic reporting, in what form to submit it to the tax and statistics organization. Heyder agreed at first to get half the salary! And this is a significant help when starting a new business!
The question of finding an accountant has been resolved! It was necessary to find another seller or saleswoman and courier forwarder.
Of course, you could hire a courier from the company, but these are additional expenses and possibly information leakage. But the main thing is of course saving money.
There are many relatives in the East, not 10 not 20 people as in Europe, but 700 to 900 people, sometimes a couple of thousand people and this is power, provided that family relations are good, equal. This is possible only if it is a family and not a clan. In the clans, however, the atmosphere reigns - factional struggle, intrigue, suspicion, sometimes the case can end with a lot of blood.
But Dara was lucky that his family was from scientists and teachers. Although a couple of generations ago... his great-grandfather was a farmer, an exiled farmer. He lived in the poorest village. Its name was translated as "Terrible Poverty, as you hear immediately run." In this village, the rulers exiled officials, objectionable, merchants and merchants, gardeners and winegrowers, whose property they took away, gazing at wealth or unique goods, gardens.
In this village, the task of exiled, the ball to fight with the sands. Every year, they had to move 1 km.
The end of the 18th century... officials once a year brought tree saplings and hoes. The villagers had to gather reeds from the banks of the river from which they wove mats during the year. Collected silt and "night gold". Mats were used by villagers as sand fences, behind which silt, night gold and silt were located.
They arranged a field where they planted trees and shrubs. Then they carried water from the river, in buckets of leather, two or three kilometers away. The few guards did not allow the villagers to use donkeys to transport water. It was hard and unbearable work and so every year. Sometimes the fortunate decree came from the ruler and he was again appointed to some small office in the city. It was for the unfortunate chance to pull free. Although she certainly was ghostly. Lucky only officials, whose relatives could find ways to the heart of the ruler. But not everyone had such fat connections, sometimes relatives forgot their unsuccessful relative.
If they could not fulfill the decree of the ruler of the lands, then the inhabitants would be fined three gold! And where to get them? If in the village "Terrible Poverty" they barely could scarcely collect 1 silver coin a year, and in three gold coins there are as many as 30!
But in the village of "Terrible Poverty", if the inhabitants had risked their lives, they could have found a treasure!
There were two exits - to dig deep holes and find native gold or try to find beautiful crystals in the old mines that were in the depths of the desert. Beautiful crystals cost a lot of money, sometimes lucky people could find diamonds in the mines, although they were small, and rock crystal and buryuz were especially valued. But how many young brave souls died?! Choking in mines, dead in landslides, withered without water, bitten by poisonous spiders and snakes.
Of the ten who went in search of treasure, only one returned, and he soon died from an unknown disease. It was a death row.
Although sometimes a miracle happened, the one who came back survived and brought treasure worth thousands of gold coins.
The time has pa.s.sed, the social order has changed. Peasants got their freedom and Great-grandfather could use it. He entered as a student to the merchant... well, that's another story.
So the descendants of those beggars from the village have now become scientists and professors, academics and successful businessmen, traders and engineers.
The village exists to this day and people live there. Now it is not in the middle of nowhere, but in the center of a large and beautiful garden. Tourist corner, however!
He called Dara to her younger aunt, and all of them he had four and two uncles. Aunt Shabnam was just looking for a job, her inst.i.tute was closed, and finding a job after 45 years is very difficult. Everywhere are required young. This is the modern trend. Therefore, the proposal from her dear nephew, she took with great joy and relief.
Having promised tomorrow to bring his nephew a basin of steamed manti with pumpkin and meat, as well as steamed rice sweet yutangza buns.
Here the issue with the saleswoman was also resolved.
Only the forwarder is left.
It is necessary to estimate which of the relatives has a car, a jeep or a minivan is better, and even so that he would drive it with confidence.
Maybe call Shady? It was his cousin, the eldest aunt Firueh.
But he seems to be writing a doctoral thesis, so distracting him is not good, then Aunt Firouzeh will burn all his ears or maybe I will call, the younger uncle - Deroš? No, he is now busy moving to a new home.
Who to call?
At that moment, his aunt Shabnam called his "smartphone" and asked:
Dara, you seem to be looking for a forwarder?
Yes, aunt!
So maybe you can try to take my eldest, your brother Behman. You know that his name translates as "good mind"! He is wise beyond his years and the city knows well! And now he is just looking for a job for an additional job! I told him about your store! He does not mind!
Wow! How cool, aunt!
How much will you pay him?
We will understand, aunt, I will not hurt him!
Ahahahahahaha! I was joking, Dara!
Then tomorrow we will come to you with him! I already have an older sister, told me where your store will be!
Dara, I thought, oh, Aunt Feruzeh, already told everyone in the quarter! But here and free advertising is provided, you can not spend money on it!
In the meantime, it was necessary to think how to equip your store on the ground. If everything was clear with the online store, Arash, the younger son of Shabnam's younger aunt, was already working. For the development of the site he usually took $ 500, but for his cousin he did it for free! In addition, his mother and older brother were now working for Daru.
But with the store on the ground is not so simple. Need to remake a cafe in a farm shop. If you ask a specialized company, it will cost 12 000 - 18 000 dollars. Then, I do not have enough money to develop the farm and start the store!
You can do it yourself, but the quality will not be that. So you need to contact your own. The average uncle - Navid is a construction firm, and he himself is an architect. So everyone knows how to equip the store!
Dara called his uncle, he thought a little, said that he would not be able to help for free, but if the nephew bought the materials himself and fed his workers every day, and at the end of the object he would have a feast, he would take the costs of paying the builders! Relatives should help - relatives! So said uncle!
The day came, senior uncle Navid, came with his deputy, they carefully inspected the store. Navid spoke, measured, deputy recorded. An hour and a half later, Uncle Navid, approached Darre and said:
Well, write down, a young man - installation of engineering systems, cold rooms, ventilation, heating equipment, repairs, interior design, purchase of appliances, tools, furniture. Our company will take care of the service maintenance of your store, but it will already conclude an agreement, but I will give you a discount.
Plus, you need to think about purchasing furniture, staff training, automating the store, how it will deliver, develop your corporate ident.i.ty, make a sign, purchase cash register equipment, and design a facade.
Revise tax form of payment. You have a different business, so you can choose to pay taxes at 11 percent. Well talk about it with your new accountant!
As I understand it, you have already registered Dara your business, decided on a business model, conducted marketing research, identified your target customers?
Do you have your own concept, work plan? Selection and pricing of the necessary equipment, the selection of uniforms and print shop?
All this needs to be done right now, if you have not had time to do it before!
When you finish with this. It will be necessary to carry out installation of engineering communications, after finis.h.i.+ng the finis.h.i.+ng work, install the necessary equipment, check its work. If everything works like a clock, no problem, you will need to notify the consumer supervision organization and say that you have already opened your store and started working!
At the same time, do not forget to register with the organization for statistics to receive codes to take into account the statistics of your store, to register with the pension fund. Get insured. Get permission, get a stamp, open a bank account of a store for processing payment orders.
This is real life, this is not a fantastic story for you, Dara! Not the manga! Reality, a lot of paperwork, reporting, but also do not forget to pa.s.s the proceeds to the collection service in time. And still need a signed contract on garbage collection!
At the same time, you know, Dara, that your farm shop must meet certain requirements.
Like being clean? Ventilated? So that it does not blow there, it was not cold and hot?
Yes uncle.
Not really, though, what you called, Dara, is also needed!
This is firstly - in the store you need to have a warehouse, a trading floor, an office for accounting, a place of rest for the staff, a technical room.
In addition, as the store opens - to think about how to place the goods, and after every day, to carry out the procedure for the selection of damaged goods, the prices do not bully. For similar products, if available, in other stores, the price must be compet.i.tively capable. Not to be too expensive, but not too cheap.
Since, in order to pay for the store, he must make a profit of at least $ 8,000 a month. So it's not that simple. If there is such a profit, then you will be able to recapture the value of your store for 9-10 months ago. And you also pay taxes and give credit.
Do not forget to enter into direct agreements with farmers, if you find those, to purchase their products. Given the risk factors.
Repair work will begin tomorrow. I hope for three months to cope. In the meantime, you do your online sales.