Chapter 42
Buckle, Thomas, his remarks on morals, i. 74, _note_.
On the difference between mental and physical pleasures, 90, _note_.
His views of the comparative influence of intellectual and moral agencies in civilisation, 103, _note_
Bull-baiting in England, ii. 175, _note_
Bulgarians, their conversion to Christianity, ii. 180
Butler, Bishop, maintains the reality of the existence of benevolence in our nature, i. 20, 21, _note_.
On the pleasure derived from virtue, 32, _note_.
His a.n.a.lysis of moral judgments, 76.
His definition of conscience, 83
Byzantine Empire, general sketch of the moral condition of the, ii. 13, 14.
Moral condition of the empire during the Christian period, 147
Caedmon, story of the origin of his "Creation of the World," ii. 204
Caesar, Julius, denies the immortality of the soul, i. 182.
His condemnation of suicide, 213.
His colonial policy, 233.
His multiplication of gladiatorial shows, 273
Caligula, his intoxication with his imperial dignity, i. 259.
His superst.i.tious fears, 367
Calvinists: tendency of the Supralapsarian to deny the existence of a moral sense, i. 17, _note_
Camma, conjugal fidelity of, ii. 341
Capital punishment, aversion to, ii. 39
Carlyle, Thomas, on self-sacrifice, i. 57, _note_.
The influence of conscience on the happiness of men, 62
Carneades, his expulsion from Rome proposed by Cato, i. 399
Carpocrates, licentiousness of the followers of, i. 417
Carthage, effect of the destruction of, on the decadence of Rome, i. 169.
The Decian persecution at, 452
Carthaginians, the, amongst the most
Ca.s.sius, the tyrannicide, his suicide, i. 215
Castellio, his exposure of the forgeries of the Sibylline books, i. 377
Catacombs, the, i. 453, 455
Catholicism, Roman, the system of education adopted by, contrasted with that of the English public schools, i. 114.
Conflict of the priests with political economists on the subject of early marriages, 114, 115.
The teaching of, on many points the extreme ant.i.thesis of that of the pagan philosophers, 208.
Its view of death, 208, 210.
Little done by it for humanity to animals, ii. 173, 177, 188.
Influence on despotism, 186.
Its total destruction of religious liberty, 194-199.
Causes of the indifference to truth manifested in its literature, 241.
Protestantism contrasted with it, 368
Cato, his refusal to consult the oracles, i. 165, _note_.
His stoicism, 185.
His inhumanity to his slaves, 193.
His study of the "Phaedon" the night he committed suicide, 212.
His opposition to Greek philosophy, 231.
His view of pre-nuptial chast.i.ty, ii. 314
Cattle plague, theological notions respecting the, i. 356
Catullus, on the death of a sparrow, ii. 165, _note_
Cautinus, Bishop, his drunkenness, ii. 236
Celibacy among the ancients, i. 106.
The Catholic monastic system, 107.
How discouraged by Augustus, 232.
Celibacy the primal virtue of the Christians of the fourth and fifth centuries, ii. 122.
Effect of this upon moral teaching, 122, 123.
History of the celibacy of the clergy, 328, 336
Celsus calls the Christians Sibyllists, i. 376.
And jugglers, 384
Celts, Spanish, their wors.h.i.+p of death, i. 206, 207.
Causes of their pa.s.sion for suicide, 207, _note_.
Their lamentations on the birth of men, 207, _note_
Censors, Roman, minute supervision of the, i. 168
Character, influence of, on opinion, i. 172.
Governed in a great measure by national circ.u.mstances, 172
Chariot races, pa.s.sion for, at Constantinople, ii. 37
Charity, a form of self-love, according to the Utilitarians, i. 9, and _note_.
Impossibility of charity becoming a pleasure if practised only with a view to that end, 36.
Charity of the Stoics, 191.
Cicero's emphatic a.s.sertion of the duty, 240.
Exertions of the Christians in the cause of charity, ii. 75, 79.
Inadequate place given to this movement in history, 84, 85.