Chapter 23
_Introduced species._
=Dorotheae=, B. P. 2 cm. globose then exp. sub.u.mb. dark brown then paler, sulcate, squarroso-setulose; g. white, distant; s. 5-6 cm.
slender, minutely discoid at base, granulated like pileus and beset with white bristles.
=caldarii=, B. P. 1 cm. hemispherical, umb. brown, rugose; g. grey; s.
4-5 cm. pale grey, cartilaginous; sp. ----.
MARASMIUS, Fr.
A. COLLYBIA. _Margin of pileus incurved at first. Stem cartilaginous; mycelium floccose._
I. SCORTEI. _Stem solid, or stuffed then hollow, fibrous inside; outside villose over the cartilaginous cortex. Gills becoming free._
* _Base of stem strigosely woolly._
=urens=, Fr. P. Acrid. 4-7 cm. exp. glabrous, even, pinkish buff, pale when dry; g. free, becoming brownish, at length remote; s. 5-7 cm.
everywhere covered with white farinose down; sp. 8 4.
The acrid taste separates this sp. from _M. oreades_.
[=subannulatus=, Trog. P. plane or depr. even, yellowish; g. adnate, reddish then brownish; s. with an incomplete ring about the middle, base with white down.
=peronatus=, Fr. Acrid. P. exp. reddish brown, then tan colour, becoming lacunose, margin striate; g. adnexed, seceding, pallid then rufescent; s. 3-5 cm. villosely downy, lower portion coa.r.s.ely strigose, yellowish; sp. 10 6-7.
=porreus=, Fr. Smell of garlic. P. 2-5 cm. dingy yellowish then paler, striate, disc even, flaccid; g. distant, firm, yellow then pale; s. 2-4 cm. reddish-brown, p.u.b.escent; sp. subgl. 4.
Differs from _M. prasiosmus_ in yellowish gills and stem everywhere p.u.b.escent.
[=mulleus=, Fr. Mild. P. plane or depr. even, yellow brown then paler; g. citrin; s. bay towards fusiform rooting base, with a purplish tomentose ring.
[=Queletii=, Schulz. White. P. diaphanous, umb.; g. free, white; s.
stuffed; with grey rooting mycelium.
[=foeniculaceus=, Fr. P. tough, convex-umb. then plano-depr. pallid then white; g. broad, thick, adnex. distant, whitish; s. fibrous, glabrous, base abrupt, with rufous fibres. Used as a condiment.
** _Base of stem naked, often formed of twisted fibres._
=oreades=, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. sub.u.mb. glabrous, brownish then pale; g. free, broad, distant, pale; s. 3-6 cm. pallid, everywhere with a downy surface; sp. 8 5. Edible.
[=globularis=, Fr. P. globose campan. umb. hygrophanous, pellucidly striate; g. free, white then
=plancus=, Fr. P. 2-... cm. pliant, plane or depr. even, rufescent then pale; g. narrow, tinged ochraceous-brown; s. 3-5 cm. with white down, base narrowed, naked; sp. ----.
Differs from _M. oreades_ in narrower, darker coloured gills.
[=pyramidalis=, Fr. P. umb. s.h.i.+ning, dingy brown then pale; g. arcuately adnexed, white then reddish; s. narrowed upwards, flocculose, whitish, rooting.
=scorteus=, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. pallid, exp. obtuse, even, wrinkled; g.
broad, distant, white; s. 2-4 cm. obsoletely hollow, equal, tinged fuscous, glabrous, apex slightly mealy; sp. 8 6.
Resembling _M. oreades_, but smaller and stem glabrous.
II. TERGINI. _Stem rooting, distinctly tubular, not fibrous, evidently cartilaginous. Gills becoming free._
* _Stem woolly below, glabrous above._
=prasiosmus=, Fr. Smell of garlic. P. 1.5-2 cm. pale yellow or whitish disc, often darker, wrinkled, g. adnexed; s. 4-7 cm. pallid and glabrous above, thickened and subtomentose below and brownish; sp. 14-15 7.
Differs from _M. porreus_ in white gills and estriate pileus.
=varicosus=, Fr. P. 1.5-3 cm. reddish brown, plane or depr. wavy, sub.u.mb. darker when dry; g. closely crowded, very narrow; s. 5-8 cm.
reddish, with red juice, base with reddish down; sp. 4 3.
=fuscopurpureus=, Fr. 2-2.5 cm. exp. often umbilicate, purplish brown then pale; g. attached to collar then free, tinged reddish; s. 2.5-7 cm.
dry, dingy purple, base with reddish down; sp. 4-3.
=terginus=, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. exp. obtuse, s.h.i.+ning, reddish, then pale, striate at margin; g. narrow, free; s. 5-8 cm. glabrous, s.h.i.+ning, pallid, reddish below with white down, rooting; sp. 6-7 4.
Much like _M. prasiosmus_ and _M. porreus_, differing from both in absence of smell.
[=gelidus=, Q. P. campan. exp. thin, rugosely striate, pruinose, translucent; g. free, hyaline or tinged rose; s. filiform, striate, pruinosely-p.u.b.escent, base cottony, recurved; sp. 7-8.
[=putillus=, Fr. P. rufescent then tan; g. rufous, margin paler, entire; s. short, rufescent, abrupt base with white down.
[=carpathicus=, Kalchb. P. exp. sub.u.mb. rather viscid, brownish, hygr.
edge striatulate; g. rotundato-adnexed, pallid; s. even, naked above, pallid, rest bay, white downy base rooting.
** _Stem (at least when dry) everywhere pruinosely velvety._
=Wynnei=, B. and Br. P. 2.5-4 cm. soon plane, sub.u.mb. lilac-brown; g.
adnexed, lilac; s. 3-6 cm. paler than p., scurfy; 7-8 4.
=erythropus=, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. obtuse, even, then rugulose, pallid; g.
broad, lax, pallid, connected by veins; s. 5-8 cm. hollow, striate, glabrous, dark red, base with white down; sp. 8-10 5-6.
Differs from _Collybia acervata_ by the broad distant gills.
[=dispar=, Fr. P. sub.u.mb. whitish, margin striate; g. nearly free, crowded, narrow; s. purplish-brown, pruinose, base with white down.
=archyropus=, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. plane or depr. glabrous, pallid; g.
crowded, linear, pallid; s. 6-10 cm. rigid, straight, pale rufescent, coated with white down, base similar; sp. subgl. 4-5.
Differs from _M. terginus_ in tufted habit, and from _M. prasiosmus_ in absence of smell.
=torquescens=, Q. P. 1-1.5 cm. plane, rugosely striate, pallid; g. free; s. 4-5 cm. brown, minutely velvety, apex pale and glabrous; sp. 5 4.
=impudicus=, Fr. Smell foetid. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. rugulosely striate, reddish bay, then pale; g. tinged red then pale; s. 3-5 cm. equal, purplish, covered with white down when dry, base naked, rooting; sp. 8 4-5.